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1. Explain the role of the gases, CH4, H2, and NH3, and the role of the electric spark in a apparatus.
3.Organic compounds will not form in the Miller-Urey apparatus if )2 is present. Why is this not a serious problem for scientists who study the origin of life?
4. How might the bonding of oxygen gas have served evolving organisms?
1. The gases were meant to simulate the early Earth atmosphere, and the electric spark was meant to simulate lightning. Miller was attempting to simulate some of the chemical and physical processes that were present on early Earth.
2. Eventually there would have been a scarcity of materials for heterotrophs, and there were materials present in the environment that could yield energy when respired (chemoautotrophy), and a big power source in the sky every day (the sun -- photoautotrophy).
3. Free oxygen gas was not present on the early Earth. It is very reactive, and for it to be present, it must constantly be generated. (On the modern Earth, this generation is done via oxygenic photosynthesis).
4. Oxygen combines with organic compounds yielding energy. During the Oxygen Catastrophe, some organisms harnessed this process to gain energy via aerobic cellular respiration. Today's aerobic organisms are descended from those.
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